Beyond the Salary: What Your Specialty Choice Costs You

When you're choosing a specialty, the compensation figure gets all the attention. But the number that matters more is the one that gets much less attention: how many years you'll spend in residency earning $70,000 before you see a real paycheck.The average medical school graduate in 2025 carried $223,000 in education debt, with 70% of graduates finishing in the red. Every additional year of residency or fellowship is another year compounding that debt at resident pay (roughly $68,000 to $75,000, depending on PGY level). The real question isn't "which specialty pays the most?" It's "which specialty gives me the financial life I actually want, and when?"
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